Surrogate Motherhood

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Term Paper Title	Surrogate Motherhood
# of Words	817
# of Pages (250 words per page double spaced)	3.27

Surrogate Motherhood

Surrogate Motherhood: Good or Bad?

     There are many controversies surrounding the idea of
surrogate motherhood, by its definition, it is a course of
action that goes outside natural reproduction. Although
surrogacy was first brought up in the bible it is only until
recently that it has actually become an issue for criticism
and debate. Factors such as the growth of infertility in
modern society, coupled with the declining number of
children available for adoption, and the development of
surrogacy contract and commercial surrogacy agencies in
1976, have resulted in increasing publicity and public
interest in the formation of agreements between infertile
couples and surrogate mothers (Stuhmcke, 3). Surrogate
motherhood can be approached in more than one way, and some
surrogacy procedures receive more condemnation than others.
     One type of surrogacy is when an egg is extracted from
the infertile female and placed in a petri dish and is then
fertilized by the fertile male’s sperm, the fertilized egg
is then placed into the fertile female’s uterus so she can
give birth to the child. This procedure is done when the
uterus of a female is in some way defective, but her eggs
are in fine condition, this is called invitro fertilization
surrogacy or IVF surrogacy (Hanafin, 3). IVF surrogacy, or
total surrogacy is the procedure that receives the least
criticism because the baby is in no way related to its
carrier. The more common type of surrogacy is through
artificial insemination or AI. This is when the couple
wishing to have a child are unable because of the female’s
eggs, the male then uses his sperm to impregnate a fertile
woman. In this case the child would not be related to the
legal mother in any way, and would have the genes of the
surrogate mother, this is also known as partial surrogacy
(http://kizuna.cwru.edu/rlgn120/projects/feminism/opinions.
html).
     Laws about surrogacy vary from state to state. However,
only a few states have actually passed laws concerning the
matter, the others have simply dodged the issue. Partial
surrogacy in comparison to total surrogacy is much more
difficult to work out legally. There are the issues of
half-siblings, the biological mother’s role in the child’s
life, whether or not the woman raising the child will be
able to handle such issues, and what the child will be told
when he/she gets older. For such reasons, surrogate
motherhood has been avoided by lawmakers in most states
(http://www.phoenix.net...

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