Attention Deficit Disorder

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Term Paper Title	Attention Deficit Disorder
# of Words	1730
# of Pages (250 words per page double spaced)	6.92

Attention Deficit Disorder

Attention Deficit Disorder

Chris Brown
English 102: section 6
May 3, 1996

     Approximately 3-5% of all American children  have an Attention Deficit
Disorder (ADD).   ADD is a leading cause of school failure and under-achievement.
ADD  characteristics often arise in early childhood. As many as 50% of children
with ADD are never diagnosed. Boys significantly outnumber girls, though girls
are more likely to be undiagnosed with ADD.  "ADD is not an attention disorder,
but a disorder of impulse control  ( Seminar notes Barkeley) ."
      Characteristics of  Attention Deficit Disorder can include : Fidgeting
with hands or feet ,  difficulty  remaining seated, awaiting turns in games,
following through on instructions , shifting from one uncompleted task to
another, difficulty playing quietly, interrupting conversations and intruding
into other children's games, appearing to be not listening to what is being said,
doing things that are dangerous without thinking about the consequences.
     Most scientist now believe that a brain dysfunction or abnormality in
brain chemistry could be to blame for the symptoms of Attention Deficit Disorder.
The frontal lobes of the brain are thought to be most responsible for the
regulation of behavior and attention. They receive information from the lower
brain, which regulated arousal and screens incoming messages from within and
outside of the body. The limbic system ,  a group of related nervous system
structures located in the midbrain and linked to emotions and feelings, also
sends messages to the frontal lobes. Finally, the frontal lobes are suspected to
be the site of working memory, the place where information about the immediate
environment is considered for memory storage, planning, and future-directed
behavior. Scientist believe the activity in the frontal lobes is depressed in
people with ADD. Studies show a decrease in the ability of the ADD brain to use
glucose, the body's main source of energy, leading to slower and less efficient
activity. Neurotransmitters provide the connection between one nerve cell and
another. In essence, neurotransmitters allow electrical impulses to pass across
synapses from one neuron to another. It is now suspected that people with
Attention Deficit Disorder have a chemical imbalance of a class of
neurotransmitters called catecholamines. Dopamine, helps to form a pathway
between the motor center  of the midbrain and the frontal lobes, as well as a
pathway between t...

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