Freezing Point Of Naphthalene

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Term Paper Title	Freezing Point Of Naphthalene
# of Words	476
# of Pages (250 words per page double spaced)	1.9

Freezing Point of Naphthalene

Freezing Point of Naphthalene

I.     Purpose

     To determine the freezing  point of a known substance, naphthalene

II.     Materials

     ringstand                    gas source
     test tube                    test tube clamps
     thermometer              naphthalene
     Bunsen burner            goggles
     hose                         stopwatch

III.     Procedure

     1.     Assemble the Bunsen burner, attaching one end of the hose to the
burner and the
          other to a gas source.
     2.     Assemble the ring stand so that a ring clamp is attached to the
stand holding the
          test tube that will be used in the experiment.
     3.     Fill the test tube to approximately 1/8 capacity with
naphthalene crystals.
     4.       Place the thermometer in the crystals so that it is surrounded
by the naphthalene
          powder but not touching the sides or bottom of the test tube.
Use a clamp to hold
          the thermometer in place.
     5.       Ignite the Bunsen burner and using direct heat melt the
naphthalene powder until
          it completely turns to a liquid.  When the temperature reaches
approximately 90o
          Celsius, stop heating.
     6.     Observe the change in temperature from 90o  to 70o Celsius,
recording the
          temperature at regular intervals, preferably 15 seconds.  This
data will be used to
          make a chart later.
     7.     Once the temperature has fallen to 70o, melt the naphthalene
which is now
          frozen      to remove the thermometer.  Properly dispose of
the naphthalene liquid as
          instructed by the teacher.

IV.     Data

     Time Elapsed          Temperature of Naphthalene          Time
     Temperature

     Initial (0:00)          100oC                         7:00
     78.5oC
     0:30               97.5oC                         7:15
     78.3oC
     1:00               93.0oC                         7:30
     78.3oC
     1:30               89.5oC                         7:45
     79.0oC
     2:00               86.1oC                         8:00
     79.0oC
     2:30               84.6oC                         8:15
     79.0oC
     2:45               82.3oC                         8:30
     79.0oC
     3:0...

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