Gallium

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Term Paper Title	Gallium
# of Words	478
# of Pages (250 words per page double spaced)	1.91

Gallium

Gallium

1871 Dmitrii Ivanovich Mendelev predicts the existance and properties of the
element after zinc in the periodic table. He Gives it the name "eka aluminium".

1875 Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran discovers gallium. Its properties closely
match those predicted by Mendelev.

     Gallium, atomic number 31, is very similar to aluminum in its chemical
properties.  It does not dissolve in nitric acid because of the protective film
of gallium oxide that is formed over the surface by the action of the acid.
Gallium does however dissolve in other acids, and alkalies.

     Gallium was discovered (1875) by Paul Emile Lecoq de Boisbaudran, who
observed its principal spectral lines while examining material seperated from
zinc blende. Soon after he isolated the metal studied its properties, which
coincided those that Dmitrii Ivanovich Mendelev  had predicted a few years
earlier for eka-aluminium, the then undiscovered element lying between aluminum
and indium in his periodic table.

     Though widely distributed at the Earth's surface, gallium does not occor
free or concentrated in independant minerals, except for gallite. It is
extracted as a by-product from zinc blende, iron pyrites, bauxite, and
germanite.

     Silvery white and soft enough to be cut with a knife, gallium takes on a
bluish tinge because of superficial oxidation.  Unusual for its low melting
point ( about 30 degrees C, 86 degrees F ), gallium also expands upon
solidification and supercools readily, remaining a liquid at temperatures as
low as 0 degrees C ( 32 degrees F ).

     Galli...

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