Black Widow Spiders

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Term Paper Title	Black Widow Spiders
# of Words	2408
# of Pages (250 words per page double spaced)	9.63

Black Widow Spiders

Adult black widow spiders have a shiny, black, rounded, circular abdomen and
are about 1/3 inch long (about 1-1/2 inches when their legs are spread).
Adult spiders have two reddish or yellowish triangles on their bottom which
looks like an hourglass marking, and their body color is dark colored usually
black or sometimes dark brown.  They are usually recognized because of their
red or red-orange hourglass design on the bottom of their abdomen.   This
pattern is changeable and may look like two separated spots.  In some spiders
there is no pattern on the abdomen.  The immature stages of both sexes of the
widow spiders have  red or red-orange or yellow spots and strips on the top
of their abdomen.  Females are colored gray or pale brown.  Their color gets
darker as they get older.  The hourglass pattern on the underside of the
abdomen forms throughout their development.  Male widow spiders are smaller
about 1/4 inch long, and they're usually not black in overall color, instead
it looks like a light brown or gray.  Male widows have an hourglass pattern
too.  When they are full-grown they have large knob-like shapes called
pedipalps, which start from the head.  But to females they still look the
same.  Newly hatched spiderlings are white or a yellowish-white, eventually
turning blackish when they get older.  Adolescents of both sexes look like
the male.
Black Widow spiders build loose and uneven mesh-type webs of rough silk in
dark places usually outdoors.  And build their webs near the ground
(sometimes inside of houses) but mainly they build them outside.  Black
Widows can be found near the ground in dark undisturbed areas.  Nest sites
are near holes made by small animals, or around construction openings and
woodpiles.  Also they can be found around low shrubs which are usual sites
for widow spiders.  Black widows are also found inside in dark undisturbed
areas like behind furniture or under desks and in undisturbed basement areas
and crawl spaces of homes are areas where black widow nests are.  They don't
produce a web like the weaving spiders do or the funnel pattern webs that the
funnel weaver spider's make.
The female lays eggs in silken cocoon sacs about 1/2-inch in width.  The sack
is a pear shaped, and is a creamy yellow, light gray, or light brown in
color.  They usually lay about 300 to 400 eggs per sac and have 4 to 9 egg
sacs made during a summer.  But only 1 to 12 young survive after the egg
...

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