Mysteries Of The Virus

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Term Paper Title	Mysteries Of The Virus
# of Words	1054
# of Pages (250 words per page double spaced)	4.22

Mysteries of the Virus

Introduction to viruses: For centuries
submicroscopic organisms, also known as viruses,
that grow and multiply at different rates inside of a
cell, have been circulating our planet.1 The cell
produces the various, essential components of the
virus. These components are: 1) DNA or RNA
nucleic acids, which are the genes of the virus.
Viral particles posses either DNA strands or RNA
strands, but never both in contrast bacterial
infections contain both. The amount of DNA/RNA
in a virus changes depending on the type of virus.
2) A protein which is extremely important in a
hazardous virus because is provides a strong,
protective barrier as the virus passes from cell to
cell.2 Viruses do not contain the enzymes and
metabolic pressures needed for self-duplication.
The missing components are taken from the host
cells they infect. Replication begins when the virus
enters the cell. The enzymes remove the coat of
the virus, and the RNA or DNA particles come in
contact with the ribosomes in the cell. The virus
then finds the protein by using the nucleic acid.
Several new RNA or DNA strands are made.
Once the cell has exceeded the maximum number
of strands, it then bursts open and the new
particles find new host cells. The process is then
repeated.3 The following is a list of the many ways
viruses can be classified: 1.) Whether viral
particles contain RNA or DNA strands. In some
cases there are retroviruses. That is when a RNA
virus enters the cell, then converts to a DNA virus.
2.) Whether the genome is single stranded or
double stranded 3.) For single stranded RNA
viruses, the code for a protein could be positive
stranded or negative stranded. 4.) The genome
may be linear or circular and may be in a single
segment or multiple segments. 5.) The size and
overall shape of the virus. 6.) The effects of the
viruses.4 Viruses can directly cause damage to the
cells by seizing the cells metabolic resources
and/or by producing toxic components which
interfere with their normal functions. These viruses
will generally make what is known as a cytopathic
effect (CPE) in tissue culture cells. Viruses can
also cause cells to alter their components making
them targets for anti-cellular viruses such as
AIDS.5 II. An In-Depth view “Infectious diseases
are the third leading cause of death in the United
States and the leading cause worldwide...” but,
“we only spend 1% of our health-care budget on
prevention,” claims Dr. David Satcher.6 For years
scientists have be...

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