Ebola Hemorrahagic Fever Is A 20 Year Old Virus That, With A Mortality

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Term Paper Title	Ebola Hemorrahagic Fever Is A 20 Year Old Virus That, With A Mortality
# of Words	1243
# of Pages (250 words per page double spaced)	4.97

Ebola

Ebola

     Ebola hemorrahagic fever is a 20 year old virus that, with a mortality
rate of 50% to 90%, is one of the world's deadliest viruses.  Its causative
organism is called Ebola virus.  Ebola virus is a member of filoviridae,  a
family of negative-strained RNA viruses.  The filoviridae family consists of
five known members, Marburg, Ebola Zaire, Ebola Sudan, Ebola Reston,  and Ebola
Tai.
     Ebola virus is spread in a number of ways.  An outbreak starts when an
infected animal or insect, called a vector, transmits the virus to a human.
Scientists know that monkeys are both a vector and victim of Ebola, but other
vectors are unknown.  The natural reservoir for the virus, or organism that is
immune to it and carries it is also unknown.  A search for the reservoir will
take a long time because there are so many possibilities, since Africa is in the
tropics.  Another way that humans can get Ebola is by eating an infected animal
or drinking the milk of an infected animal.
     Ebola is spread from human to human by contact with infected blood,
infected body fluids, or through sexual contact.  Even after a person recovers
completely from Ebola, it may stay in the semen for up to seven weeks.  In the
African outbreaks it has also been transmitted by the reuse of needles because
the health care systems are so under financed.  Ebola wasn't thought to be an
airborne virus, but recent studies by the US Army Medical Research Institute of
Infectious Diseases and the CDC found that monkeys showed Ebola like symptoms
after being exposed to aerosolized Ebola.  The studies also found that the virus
is many times present in the respiratory systems of Ebola victims.  Although the
1989 outbreak in Reston, Virginia wasn't harmful to humans, it was found that
droplet and vomit transmission played a major role in spreading the disease
through the quarantine facility.
     The onset of the Ebola virus is very quick.  The incubation period
ranges anywhere from two days to twenty-one days.  After signs of the virus
appear,  the victim can die within days, or at the most, a week.  There are a
few stages after being infected with the virus.  The symptoms of the first stage
include headaches, fever, muscle pain, fatigue, chills, and loss of appetite.
The second stage consists of vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain, sore throat,
and chest pain.  The last stages are very ugly.  They consist of severe clotting
and hemorrhaging.  The clots form throughout the body and shut of blood to many
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