CIA Covert Operations: Panama And Nicaragua

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Term Paper Title	CIA Covert Operations: Panama And Nicaragua
# of Words	2266
# of Pages (250 words per page double spaced)	9.06

CIA Covert Operations:  Panama and Nicaragua

CIA Covert Operations:  Panama and Nicaragua

        In the 1950's, the repression of domestic political dissent reached near
hysteria.  In the process the CIA's covert operations, already in progress in
Europe, expanded worldwide.  By 1953, according to the 1970's Senate
investigation, there were major covert programs under way in 48 countries,
consisting of propaganda, paramilitary, and political action operations.  In
1949, the agency's covert action department had about 300 employees and 47
stations.  In the same period, the budget for these activities grew from $4.7
million to $82 million.  In this paper I will discuss the United States' use of
covert actions using Panama and Nicaragua as examples.  I had planned on writing
my paper on Manuel Noriega and his connections with the CIA but the more I read
into him I found the major topic outlying him was much more interesting.  So
with that I will continue on with this paper showing my findings on the CIA and
thier covert operations.
     Covert operations have become a way of life and death for millions of
people world wide who have lost their lives to these actions.  By 1980, covert
operations were costing billions of dollars.  CIA Director William Casey was
quoted as saying “covert actions were the keystone of U.S. policy in the Third
World.”(Agee, 2)  Throughout the CIA's 45 years, one president after another has
used covert operations to intervene secretly, and sometimes not so secretly , in
the domestic affairs of other countries, presuming their affairs were ours.
Almost always, money was spent for activities to prop up political forces
considered friendly to U.S. interests, or to weaken and destroy those considered
unfriendly or threatening.
     The friends were easy to define, they were those who believed and acted
like us, took orders and cooperated.  Until the collapse of communism in Eastern
Europe, enemies were also readily recognized: the Soviet Union and its allies,
with China having ambiguous status since the 1970's.  But there were other
countries the CIA took actions against who were not associated with the Soviets.
Iran in 1953, Guatemala in 1954, Indonesia in 1958, Cuba in 1959, Ecuador in
1963, Brazil in 1964, Chile in 1970, Nicaragua in 1979 and Grenada in 1983 to
name a few.(Agee, 2)  These governments, and others attacked by the U.S., were
left, nationalist, reform-minded, populist or uncooperative and U.S. hostility
drove some of them to s...

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