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References

References

Burack, J. (1994). Selective attention deficits in persons with autism: Preliminary evidence
    of an inefficient attentional lens. Journal of Abnormal Psychology. Volume 103, No.3.
    Page 535-543.
Murray, J. (1996). Psychophysiological aspects of autistic disorders: Overview. Journal of
    Psychology Interdisciplinary & Applied, Volume 130 No.2, Page 145-159. [Journal,
    On-line]. http://www.ebscohost.com/cgi-bin/e...6/ft=1/startrec=231/pic=1#FullText
Paluszny, M. (1979). Autism: A practical guide for parents and professionals. New York:
    Syracuse University Press.
Shulman, C., Yirmiya, N., & Greenbaum, C. (1995). From categorization to classification: A
    comparison among individuals with autism, mental retardation, and normal
    development. Journal of Abnormal Psychology. Volume 104, No.4, Page 601-609.
Sigman, M. & Capps, L. (1997). Children with autism: A developmental perspective.
    Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.
Sternberg, R. (1995). In search of the human mind. New York: Harcourt Brace College
    Publishers.



Autism

December 7,1999
Human Lifespan


Human Lifespan
December 7, 1999

Autism

    According to Sternberg (1995), autism is a syndrome of childhood characterized by a lack
of social relationship, a lack of communication abilities, and highly restricted range of interest.
Autism is also known as pervasive development disorder (PDD). Children who are autistic also
lack in intellectual development. Autism occurs in 0.04% of the population and it is also four
times more likely to occur in boys as in girls. Autism is a disorder that has no definite
explanation and an effective treatment has not been developed. There is no specific test for
autism but it is defined by its symptoms (Paluszny, 1979).
    According to Murray (1996), there are four signs that almost always appear in children
diagnosed as autistic: social isolation, cognitive deficits, language deficits, and ritualistic motor
activity.
Social isolation
    The first sign is social isolation; autistic children do not relate to surrounding people and
may remove themselves from all social contact. The autistic child does not seem to be aware of
the persons in his or her environment. Autistic children have a hard time dealing with
relationships and this will go on into adulthood. Autistic children can also form an obsession for
objects, like a toy. He can be content if left alone to play repetitively with some toy or object. If
she is

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