Niels Henrik David Bohr

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Term Paper Title	Niels Henrik David Bohr
# of Words	689
# of Pages (250 words per page double spaced)	2.76

Niels Henrik David Bohr

Born: 7 Oct 1885 in Copenhagen, Denmark
Died: 18 Nov 1962 in Copenhagen, Denmark

Niels Bohr studied at the University of Copenhagen which he entered in 1903. He won a gold medal from the Royal Danish Academy of Sciences for his theoretical analysis of vibrations of water jets as a means of determining surface tension. He received his Master's degree from the University of Copenhagen in 1909 and his doctorate in 1911 with a thesis Studies on the electron theory of metals.

Bohr went to England to study with Sir J.J. Thomson at Cambridge. He had intended to spend his entire study period in Cambridge but he did not get on well with Thomson so, after a meeting with Ernest Rutherford in Cambridge in December 1911, Bohr moved to Manchester in 1912. There he worked with Rutherford's group on the structure of the atom. Rutherford became Bohr's role model both for his personal and scientific qualities. Using quantum ideas due to Planck and Einstein, Bohr conjectured that an atom could exist only in a discrete set of stable energy states.

Bohr returned to Copenhagen during 1912 and continued to develop his new theory of the atom completing the work in 1913. The same year he published three papers of fundamental importance on the theory of the atom that influenced Einstein and other scientists. The first paper was on the hydrogen atom, the next two on the structure of atoms heavier than hydrogen.

After being a lecturer in Copenhagen, then in Manchester, Bohr was appointed to a chair of theoretical physics at the University of Copenhagen in 1916. An Institute of Theoretical Physics was created for him there and, from its opening in 1921, he was its director for the rest of his life.

Bohr is best known for the investigations of atomic structure referred to above and also for work on radiation, which won him the 1922 Nobel Prize for physics. He said in 1923:-

     “Not with standing the fundamental departure from the ideas of the classical
     theories of mechanics and electrodynamics involved in these postulates, it has
     ...

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