Helium, Symbol He, Inert, Colorless, Odorless Gaseous Element. In Group 18 (or V

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Term Paper Title	Helium, Symbol He, Inert, Colorless, Odorless Gaseous Element. In Group 18 (or V
# of Words	555
# of Pages (250 words per page double spaced)	2.22

Helium, symbol He, inert, colorless, odorless gaseous element. In group 18 (or VIIIa) of the periodic table, helium is one of the noble gases. The atomic number of helium is 2. The French astronomer Pierre Janssen discovered helium in the spectrum of the corona of the sun during an eclipse in 1868.
Helium is the lightest of all gases except hydrogen. Helium solidifies at -272.2° C (-457.9° F) at pressures above 19,000 torr (25 atmospheres); helium boils at -268.9° C (-452.0° F) and has a density of 0.1664 g/liter at 20° C (68° F). The atomic weight of helium is 4.003. Helium, like the other noble gases, is chemically inert. Its single electron shell is filled, making possible reactions with other elements extremely difficult and the resulting compounds quite unstable. Helium is the most difficult of all gases to liquefy and is impossible to solidify. These properties make liquid helium extremely useful as a refrigerant and for experimental work in producing and measuring temperatures close to absolute zero. Liquid helium can be cooled almost to absolute zero at normal pressure by rapid removal of the vapor above the liquid. At a temperature slightly above absolute zero, it is transformed into helium II, also called super fluid helium, a liquid with unique physical properties. It has no freezing point, and its viscosity is zero; it passes readily through minute cracks and pores and will even creep up the sides and over the lip of a container. Helium-3, the lighter helium isotope of mass 3, which has an even lower boiling point than ordinary helium, exhibits markedly different properties when liquefied.
Because it is noncombustible, helium is pref...

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