Confucianism And Ancient Chinese Society: A Closer Look.

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Term Paper Title	Confucianism And Ancient Chinese Society: A Closer Look.
# of Words	1715
# of Pages (250 words per page double spaced)	6.86

Confucianism and ancient Chinese society: A closer look.

     Jason  Lee  Allen

     Confucianism was apparent in ancient Chinese culture in many ways. It was, in fact, the dominant force in shaping and defining many relationships in ancient china, such as between state and citizen, parent and child,  and so forth. It also had the distinction of forming the basis of the Chinese Civil Service examination system, which was the first of its kind in the world  and lasted two millennia.
     Confucianism  was a traditionalist philosophy embodied not just the  literal words of Confucius, as transcribed  by his students in the Confucian Analects.  It also included  the works of his followers such as Mencius and  later other Confucian  texts. It emphasized  "proper" behavior for people and carefully spelled out what was expected of certain  relationships. It directed nearly every aspect of Chinese culture in some respect, with the major exception of  religion. It did not address the question of a God,  focusing  more "on the here and now." This left  room for religious expansions into china, which is a way of affecting Chinese society on a large scale.  On the smaller scale it governed the way a child would be responsible to a  parent,  allotted  specific times spans for mourning, and other familial responsibilities.
     Responsibility to family was  one of the most important obligations a person in Chinese society had.  Filial responsibility, to one’s parents, was the most important of these. Filial piety, the respect for, obedience to, caring for of one’s parents  was tantamount in Chinese society.  A son would be expected to care for his parents in  their old age. This was accomplished by having an extended family, one where several generations lived together.  He would also have to obey and respect his  parents, even after death, with mourning and ancester worship. Confucianism had   specifically alloted times for mourning and special rituals prescribed for ancestor worship,  where valuablew meats and wines were offered to the spirits of the departed forebears.  Parents also had responsibliities  to their children, such as  to provide for and protect their children.  This filial system for families was also extended to other dominant / subordinate relationships as well, such as between an emporer and his subjects, a master and a scholar, a husband and a wife, and a high minister and a lower one, to name a few.

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