DESCRIPTION OF A NETWORK

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Term Paper Title	DESCRIPTION OF A NETWORK
# of Words	3825
# of Pages (250 words per page double spaced)	15.3

DESCRIPTION OF  A NETWORK

A network is the linking of two or more computers for the purpose of sharing data, programs and/or physical resources.
· Examples:
· Data  Two people can work independently on the same project at different computers.  By being connected to each other, there is no need for swapping floppy copies with the possibility of loss or old revisions creeping into the work flow.
· Programs   One copy of a program can be purchased and placed on one computer, and others connected may be able to access that program from their own computer.  This reduces the number of copies needed.  NOTE: many software licenses provide for the application to be used only by one person at a time, hence, several people could not use it simentinsouly.  This type of setup improves the use ratio of certain applications which are expensive.  Licensing agreements can often be purchased for additional users for less than the cost of additional full copies.
· Physical Resources  Printers and backup systems are two examples of special hardware which often have low use rates.  By setting up several computers to share these resources, money is saved from having to provide (for example) each user with their own printer.  Fewer peripherals also can translate into lower maintenance costs and lower capital investments on the system as a whole.
TYPES OF NETWORKS

Networks fall into two categories: Server-Client, and Peer-To-Peer.
· Server-Client is often the fastest (and more expensive) of the two systems.  In this setup one computer is designated as the Server, with the sole purpose of providing access to data, applications, and other resources.  The server is dedicated to serve the other computers on the network.  Usually (but not always) the server will consist of several large hard drives, backup hardware and more powerful CPU’s than other computers on the network.  The server will become a central repository for shared information and applications.  It will also serve as a central coordinator for sharing printers, modems, and other physical devices.  Restrictions can also be imposed at the server about which users have access to what information and resources.  In this setup the server is always running to make all the resources available constantly.
· Peer-To-Peer networks by contrast are decentralized.  No particular computer is dedicated to oversee network operations.  Ptp networks are usually setup to sharing data and physical resources, applications usually resid...

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