The First And Second Reconstructions Promised To Help End Racial Injustices In

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Term Paper Title	The First And Second Reconstructions Promised To Help End Racial Injustices In
# of Words	2563
# of Pages (250 words per page double spaced)	10.25

     The First and Second Reconstructions promised to help end racial injustices in
America.  The First Reconstruction, coming out of the chaos of the Civil War wished
equality for Blacks in voting, politics, and use of public facilities.  The Second
Reconstruction came out of the booming economy of the 1950's.  Its goals were
integration, the end of Jim Crow laws and the bigger goal of making America a biracial
democracy where, "the sons of former slaves and the sons of former slave holders will be
able to sit down together at the table of brotherhood." (Robinowitz, 228).  Even though
both movements had high hopes, they failed in reaching their goals.  Beginning with hope,
they died with failure, as both movements saw many of their achievements disappear.
Failure to deal with economic justice for Blacks in both movements led to the failure of
the First and Second Reconstructions.
     The First Reconstruction came after the Civil War and lasted until 1877.  The
political, social, and economic conditions after the Civil War formed the goals of the First
Reconstruction. At this time Congress was divided politically on the issues that grew out
of the Civil War: Black equality, rebuilding the South, readmitting Southern states to
Union, and deciding who would control government.  The South was in chaos.  Newly
emancipated slaves wandered the South after having left their former masters, and the
White population was troubled, uneasy about what lay ahead.  Economically, the South
was also hurting: plantations lay ruined, railroads had been torn up, cities had been burnt
down, and slavery no longer existed.
     Amid the chaos various political groups were attempting to gain strength.  First,
Southern Democrats, a party made up of former Confederate leaders and other wealthy
Southern whites, looked to end what they saw as Northern domination of the South.
They also wished to form Black Codes to limit the rights of Blacks to move, vote, travel,
and change jobs, a concept little different than slavery.  Second, Moderate Republicans
wanted to better unify the North and South, but at the same time ensure slavery was over.
Third, Radical Republicans, who were mainly Northern politicians, were strongly opposed
to slavery, unsympathetic to the South, and wanted to protect newly freed slaves.
     The Northern Radical Republicans, with a majority in Congress, became the
political group that set the goals for Reconstruction, which was to prevent slavery from
rising again in the South...

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