I. Introduction

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Term Paper Title	I. Introduction
# of Words	891
# of Pages (250 words per page double spaced)	3.56

   I. Introduction

Blood is the river of life that flows through the body. We

cannot live without it. The heart pumps blood to all our

body cells, supplying them with oxygen and food. At the

same time blood carries carbon dioxide and other waste

products from the cells. Blood also fights infection and

keeps our temperature steady, and carries chemicaks that

regulate many body functions. Finally blood even has

substances that plug broken blood vessels to prevent us

from bleeding to death.

The amount of blood in your body depends on the size of

your body and the altitude of where you live. An adult who

weighs 160 pounds has about 5 quarts of blood. An 80

pound child has about half that. People who live in high

altitudes, where the air contains less oxygen , may have up

to two more quarts than people that in lower regions. The

extra blood delivers extra oxygen to the cells.

II. Compisition

  Blood consists of cells that move about in watery liquid

called plasma. The cells are known as formed elements

because they have definite shapes. Three types of cells

make up the formed elements: (1) red blood cells, (2) white

blood cells, and (3) platelets. A microliter (1/30,000 of an

ounce) of blood normally contains 4 million to 6 million

red blood cells, 5,000 to 10,000 white blood cells, and

150,000 to 500,000 platelets. Plasma is the liquid straw-

colored part of blood. It makes up about 50 to 60 percent of

the total blood volume. The formed elements count for the

rest.

Plasma consists of about 90 percent of water. Hundreds of

other substances make up the balance. They include

proteins that enable blood to clot and fight infection;

dissolve nutrients; and waste products. Plasma also carries

chemicals called hormones, which control growth and

certain other body functions.

  Red blood cells consists mainly of hemoglogin, an

oxygen- carrying protein that gives them their red color.

The cells alco consist of chemicals, mainly enzymes.

Enzymes enable the cells to carry out necessary chemical

processes more effectively.

  White blood cellsalso called leukocytes, fight infections

and harmful substances that invade the body. Most of the

cells are round and colorless. They have several sizes, and

their nuclei vary in shape. Some kind of white blood cells

kill bacteria by surrounding and digesting them. Other

kinds produce antibodies, proteins that destroy bacteria,

viruses, and othe...

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