Unions

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Term Paper Title	Unions
# of Words	1930
# of Pages (250 words per page double spaced)	7.72

Unions

WHY HAVE UNIONS WITNESSED A DECLINE
IN MEMBERSHIP IN RECENT YEARS?

ITRODUCTION

WHAT ARE UNIONS?

UNIONS ARE INFLUENTIAL AND BROADLY BASED
ORGANIZATIONS WHICH REPRESENT IT’S MEMBERS, WHO
ARE USUALLY EMPLOYEE’S. THEY HAVE BEEN AROUND FOR
A LONG IN AUSTRALIA AND EXPERIENCED MIXED
RESPONSES FROM THE GENERAL PUBLIC AS WELL AS
EMPLOYER’S.

OBJECTIVES OF A UNION: THE PRIMARY OBJECTIVE
OF A UNION IS TO PROVIDE OR IMPROVE THE WELL-BEING
OF IT’S MEMBER’S. IT WAS FORMED TO COUNER THE
SUPERIOR ECONOMIC POWER OF EMPLOYER’S. IT’S MOST
IMPORTANT FUNCTION IS TO MAXIMISE WAGES AND
SALARIES SUBJECT TO CERTAIN EMPLOYMENT
CONSTAINTS AND TO RAISE THE ECONOMIC CONDITIONS
UNDER WHICH WORK IS DONE.

WHY DO EMPLOYEE’S JOIN UNONS?

AN EMPLOYEE CAN BE MOTIVATED BY INSTUMENTAL
CONSIDERATIONS, IDEOLOGICAL BELIEFS OR SIMPLY
COMPULSION, BUT THERE SEEMS TO BE 3 MAJOR FACTORS
THAT LEAD EMPLOYEES TO BE UNIONIZED:

     DISSATISFACTION WITH THE ECONOMIC ASPECTS
     OF THE JOB
     DESIRE TO INFLUENCETHOSE ASPECTS OF THE WORK
     ENVIRONMENT THROUGH UNION ORIENTATED
     MEANS
     BELIEF THAT BENEFITS OF UNIONISM OUTWEIGH
     EXPECTED COSTS

MOST COMMONLY, EMPLOYEE’S JOIN BECAUSE OF THEIR
COMMITTMENT TO THE VALUES OR PRINCIPLES OF
UNIONISM. (INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS- A CONTEMPORARY
ANALYSIS, DEERY S., PLOWMAN D., WALSH J. P 7.16)

WHY ARE UNIONS WITNESSING DECLINE?

THERE ARE MANY POSSIBLE REASONS TO SUGGEST THE
DECLINE IN MEMBERSHIP BUT 3 FACTORS STAND OUT:

1.) CHANGING COMPOSITION OF
EMPLOYMENT

- PRIVATE AND PUBLIC SECTOR

     MOST OF THE EMPLOYMENT GROWTH THAT
     OCCURED IN THE AUSTRALIAN ECONOMY IN
     THE 80’S AND 90’S WAS CONFINED TO THE
     PRIVATE SECTOR WHOSE UNION DENSITY
     RATE OF 25 % WAS CONSIDERABLY LOWER
     THAN THAT OF THE PUBLIC SECTOR WHICH
     WAS 56 %.

     IT WAS ESTIMATED THAT PUBLIC
     ENPLOYMENT FELL ALMOST 8 %.

     - STUCTURAL CHANGES IN THE MIX OF
     INDUSTRIES, SECTORS AND OCCUPATIONS.

     A CONTINUING DECLINE IN THE
     MANUFACTURING SECTOR TO OTHER
     SECTORS IN THE INDUSTRY. THE
     PROLIFERATION OF NON REGULAR FORMS OF
     EMPLOYMENT, PARTICULARLY CASUAL JOBS
     AND SELF-EMPLOYMENTAT THE EXPENSE OF
     TRADITONAL FULL TIME JOBS.

     BUT UNIONS ARE SEEMED TO BE BLAMED FOR
     THE LOW LEVEL REPRESENTATION OF
     CASUALS. UNIONS DO NOT RECRUIT CASUALS
     AS ASSIDUOUSLY AS FULL TIMERS, BECAUSE
     UF THE HIGH ORGANIZATIONAL COSTS
    ...

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