HISTORICAL NOTES

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Term Paper Title	HISTORICAL NOTES
# of Words	1059
# of Pages (250 words per page double spaced)	4.24

HISTORICAL  NOTES

2-4-99
*DEMORACY AND DICTATORSHIP IN ANCIENT ROME
     IN 509 B.C. , THE ROMANS THREW OUT THEIR KING. AT THE TIME , ROME ALREADY HAD A CITIZEN ASSEMBLY. TO REPLACE THE KING , THE ASSEMBLY ELECTED TWO MEN CALLED
C O N S U L S  WHO WOULD GOVERN TOGETHER FOR ONE YEAR. BOTH CONSULS HAD TO COOPERATE IN ORDER FOR THE GOVERNMENT TO ACT.
     IT WAS MAINLY THE P A T R I C I A N S , THE WEALTHY LANDOWNING NOBLES , WHO GOT TO VOTE. AS A RESULT , THE CONSULS IN THE EARLY YEARS OF THE REPUBLIC WERE ALWAYS PATRICIANS. LATER , HOWEVER , AT LEAST ONE CONSUL HAD TO COME FROM THE
P L E B E I A N  CLASS THE COMMONERS.
     BEFORE THE REPUBLIC , THE KING HAD BEEN ADVISED BY A SENATE. ONCE THE MONARCHY WAS GONE , THE SENATE TOOK ON MORE POWER AND RULED ROME ALONGSIDE THE TWO CONSULS. ON THE SURFACE , THE CONSULS SEEMED TO HOLD MORE POWER THAN SENATORS , BUT THEY HELD OFFICE FOR ONLY A YEAR WHILE SENATORS SERVED FFOR LIFE.
**DICTATORSHIP**
    THE FOUNDERS OF THE ROMAN REPUBLIC , LIKE THE AMERICAN FOUNDING FATHERS , PLACED CHECKS ANS BALANCES ON THE POWER OF THEIR LEADERS. THE ROMANS , HOWEVER , CAME UP WITH A WAY TO SIDE STEP THESE CHECKS AND BALANCES WHEN STRONG LEADERSHIP WAS NEEDED , SUCH AS A TIME OF CRISIS (FOREIGN INVASION OR SLAVE UPRISING). THE SENATE COULD VOTE TO GRANT ABSOLUTE POWER TO ONE MAN , CALLED A DICTATOR , FFOR A TEMPORARY PERIOD.
      2-17-99
(DICTATORSHIP CONTINUED)
    - DURING THE FIRST 300 YEARS OF THE REPUBLIC , DICTATORS WERE OFTEN CALLED ON WHEN ROME FACED AN INVASION OR SOME INTERVAL DANGER UNLIKE THE DICTATORS OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY - SUCH AS HITLER , MUSSOLINI , FRANCO , PINOCHET ,CASTRO , DUVALIAR , MAO , STALIN , PERON , IDI AMIN - THE DICTATORSHIP WAS LIMITED TO SIX MONTHS , OR EVEN LESS IF THE CRISIS PASSED. IF A DICTATOR REFUSED TO STEP DOWN , HE COULD BE FORCIBLY REMOVED.
     - THE ROMAN DICTATOR'S POWER WAS ABSOLUTE. HE COULD RULE BY DECREE. HE COULD EVEN ORDER EXECUTIONS WITHOUT TRIAL. FOR CENTURIES , ROMAN DICTATORS SERVED WHEN DUTY CALLED AND GAVE UP POWER WHEN THEIR TERMS ENDED.




      - BUT IN 82 B.C. , A GENERAL NAMED CORNELIUS SULLA SEIZED CONTROL OF ROME. SULLA'S DICTATORSHIP WAS NOT LIKE THOSE OF THE PAST. HE BY PASSED THE SENATE , WHICH WAS FILLED WITH NO ENEMIES , AND CONVINCED THE CITIZENS' ASSEMBLY TO MAKE HIM A PERMANENT DICTATOR. SULLA THEN BANISHED OR KILLED HUNDREDS OF HIS OPPONENTS.
    - SULLA BECAME WHAT THE ANCIENT GREEKS CALLED A TYRANT , A MAN WHO SEIZES PE...

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