Republic Of China

Below is a free term papers summary of the paper "Republic Of China." If you sign up, you can be reading the rest of this term papers in under two minutes. Registered users should login to view this term paper.

Republic of China
The republic that Sun Yat-sen and his associates imagined slowly came about. The
revolutionists lacked an army, and the power of Yuan Shikai began to outdo that of
parliament. Yuan revised the constitution at will and became dictatorship. In August 1912 a new political
party was founded by Song Jiaoren ( 1882-1913), one of Sun's associates. The party, the Guomindang was
an blend of small political groups, including Sun's Tongmeng Hui . In the national elections held in February
1913 for the new bicameral parliament, Song campaigned against the Yuan administration, and his party
won a majority of seats. Yuan had Song assassinated in March; he had already arranged the
assassination of several pro-revolutionist generals. Animosity toward Yuan grew. In the summer of 1913
seven southern provinces rebelled against Yuan. When the rebellion was suppressed, Sun and other
instigators fled to Japan. In October 1913 an intimidated parliament formally elected Yuan president of the
Republic of China, and the major powers extended recognition to his government. To achieve international
recognition, Yuan Shikai had to agree to autonomy for Outer Mongolia and Xizang. China was still to be
suzerain, but it would have to allow Russia a free hand in Outer Mongolia and Britain continuance of its
influence in Xizang.
In November Yuan Shikai, legally president, ordered the Guomindang dissolved and its members
removed from parliament. Within a few months, he suspended parliament and the provincial assemblies
and forced the promulgation of a new constitution, which, in effect, made him president for life. Yuan's
ambitions still were not satisfied, and, by the end of 1915, it was announced that he would reestablish the
monarchy. Widespread rebellions ensued, and numerous provinces declared independence. With opposition
at every quarter and the nation breaking up into warlord factions, Yuan Shikai died of natural causes in
June 1916, deserted by his lieutenants.
Nationalism and Communism
After Yuan Shikai's death, shifting alliances of regional warlords fought for control of the Beijing
government. The nation also was threatened from without by the Japanese. When World War I broke out
in 1914, Japan fought on the Allied side and seized German holdings in Shandong Province. In 1915 the
Japanese set before the warlord government in Beijing the so-called Twenty-One Demands, which would
have made China a Japanese protectorate. The Beijing gover

This is not the end of the termpaper! Register below to see the complete version of this term paper.

Membership Plans Credit Card Check 1 month membership 3 month membership (You Save 50%) 6 month membership (You Save 67%)

1 - 2 - 3 - 4 - 5 - 6 - 7 - 8 - 9 - 10 - 11 - 12 - 13 - 14 - 15 - 16 - 17 - 18 - 19 - 20 - 21 - 22